Institutions:
1 - Institute of Applied Geophysics named after Academician E.K. Fedorov, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
The article discusses the development of regional geomagnetic activity indices and an algorithm for short-term forecasting of the geomagnetic situation in the territory of the Russian Federation. The problems associated with using foreign data when modeling geomagnetic parameters are analyzed, as well as the risks of obtaining inaccurate results given the current state of Russia's network of magnetic observatories. The processes of grouping observation points by regions of Russia and modernizing algorithms for calculating the Kp index based on data from domestic observatories within the INTERMAGNET network are described. Three regional geomagnetic activity indices have been developed: K_Rus_C for the central part of the Russian Federation, K_Rus_S for the Urals and Siberia, and K_Rus_V for the Far East. The advantages of short-term forecasts (up to 1 day) of geomagnetic activity for various sectors, including satellite communications, energy, space missions, aviation, and healthcare, are considered. The importance of such forecasts for scientific research aimed at studying solar processes and their impact on Earth is also emphasized. The study presents a short-term forecasting algorithm (up to 1 day) for variations in the magnetic field, based on the SARIMAX method, which takes into account temporal and seasonal dependencies, as well as external factors.
Keywords: geomagnetic activity, regional indices, intermagnet network, short-term forecast, russian federation, kp index, solar activity, magnetic storms, sarimax
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