Аннотированный атлас примеров изображений эмиссий в авроральных структурах, зарегистрированных имэйджерами с поверхности Земли и орбит КА. Часть 3. Cтруктуры “black” и “anti-black” aurora и их возможные механизмы генерации

Аннотированный атлас примеров изображений эмиссий в авроральных структурах, зарегистрированных имэйджерами с поверхности Земли и орбит КА.
Часть 3. Cтруктуры “black” и “anti-black” aurora и их возможные механизмы генерации
Номер: 48 Год: 2025 Страницы: 57-87

УДК: 550.388.2; 550.388.8; 551.594.5

EDN:

Автор(ы):

Кузьмин Александр Константинович¹, e-mail: alkkuzmin@mail.ru
Крылова А.А.¹
Мерзлый Алексей Михайлович¹, e-mail: pinega142@yandex.ru
Никифоров Олег Вячеславович¹, e-mail: gelokin2201@gmail.com
Петрукович Анатолий Алексеевич¹, e-mail: apetruko@iki.rssi.ru
Потанин Юрий Николаевич², e-mail: oom@cao-rhms.ru
Садовский Андрей Михайлович¹, e-mail: asadovsk@iki.rssi.ru

Янаков Альберт Триандофилович¹, e-mail: alexandr.7@mail.ru

Учреждения:
1 - ИКИ РАН, Москва, Россия
2 - ЦАО Росгидромет, Долгопрудный, Россия

Аннотация:
В продолжение серии работ, начатых в 2022 и 2023 гг., составлена часть 3 аннотированного атласа примеров изображений структур эмиссий и характеристик плазмы в авроральном овале и субавроральной области, полученных во время конкретных событий, происходивших в разных секторах MLT в разных геомагнитных условиях. Основной мотивацией создания атласа стал дальнейший анализ опыта развития технологии подготовки и проведения орбитальных и наземных экспериментов, нацеленных на создание системы картографирования и диагностики многообразных динамичных авроральных явлений в полярной ионосфере, отражающихся в мгновенном поле градиентов Ne в различных высотных слоях, являющихся «виновниками» проблем при распространении трансполярных сигналов. Как и части 1 и 2, данная работа в основном акцентирована на примерах результатов наблюдений авроральных структур и эмиссий, полученных с помощью изображающих камер с поверхности Земли и с орбит КА с полярным углом наклонения плоскости орбиты к плоскости экватора, а также на обзоре процессов, происходящих во время этих событий в соответствующих областях полярной ионосферы. Некоторые из представленных примеров изображений эмиссий в конкретных событиях, полученных с поверхности земли, сопровождаются: среднемасштабными изображениями структур аврорального овала и полярной шапки в конкретных секторах MLT, полученными в относительно близкое к рассматриваемым событиям время с орбит конкретных КА DMSP в авроральных эмиссиях в диапазоне вакуумного ультрафиолета (ВУФ) с помощью сканирующего по пространству изображающего спектрографа SSUSI, сопутствующими измерениями распределений характеристик потоков высыпающихся частиц (анализатор электронов SSJ5), градиентов магнитного поля, а также результатами локальных наблюдений градиентов Ne радарами некогерентного обратного рассеяния в соответствующих секторах полярной ионосферы в близкое к наблюдаемым событиям время. В данной работе главный акцент сделан на рассмотрении характеристик и анализе особенностей как отдельных конкретных структур black-aurora, так и «дуэтов» структур, имеющих интенсивность, превышающую диффузный фон, называемых black-aurora и anti-black-aurora, которые в конкретных событиях сопровождают друг друга, а также на возможных механизмах их генерации.

Ключевые слова: ПОЛЯРНАЯ ИОНОСФЕРА, АВРОРАЛЬНЫЕ ЭМИССИИ, ТЁМНЫЕ И АНТИ-ТЁМНЫЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ПОЛЯРНЫХ СИЯНИЙ И ИХ ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ГЕНЕРАЦИИ, НЕОДНОРОДНОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ, АВРОРАЛЬНЫЕ ИМАДЖЕРЫ, НАЗЕМНАЯ И ОРБИТАЛЬНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА И МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ КОНТРОЛЯ СОСТОЯНИЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ПОЛЯРНОЙ ИОНОСФЕРЫ

Сведения об источниках финансирования: -

Скачать текст Ссылка на цитирование

Ссылка на Elibrary

1. Akasofu S.-I. The development of the auroral substorm // Planetary and Space Science. 1964. Vol. 12. P. 273–282. 2. Archer J. Dynamics and characteristics of black aurora as observed by high resolution ground-based imagers and radar : master's thesis. Stockholm, Sweden : XR-EE-SPP, 2009. 54 p. 3. Archer J., Dahlgren H., Ivchenko N., Lanchester B.S., Marklund G.T. Dynamics and characteristics of black aurora as observed by high-resolution ground-based imagers and radar // International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2011. Vol. 32, Is. 11. P. 2973–2985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.541517. 4. Asamura K., Tsujita D., Tanaka H., Saito Y., Mukai T., Hirahara M. Auroral particle instrument onboard the INDEX satellite // Advances in Space Research. 2003. Vol. 32. P. 375–378. DOI: 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)90275-4. 5. Blixt E.M., Kosch M.J. Coordinated optical and EISCAT observations of black aurora // Geophysical Research Letters. 2004. Vol. 31, L22801. DOI: 10.1029/2003GL019244. 6. Blixt E.M., Kosch M.J., Semeter J. Relative drift between black aurora and the ionospheric plasma // Annales Geophysicae. 2005. Vol. 23. P. 1611–1621. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-1611-2005. 7. Carlson C.W., McFadden J.P., Ergun R.E., Temerin M., Peria W., Mozer F.S., Klumpar D.M., Shelley E.G., Peterson W.K., Moebius E., Elphic R., Strangeway R., Cattell C., Pfaff R. FAST observations in the downward auroral current region: Energetic upgoing electron beams, parallel potential drops and ion heating // Geophysical Research Letters. 1998. Vol. 25, Is. 12. P. 2017–2020. DOI: 10.1029/98GL00851. 8. Carlson C.W., McFadden J.P., Turin P., Curtis D.W., Magoncelli A. The electron and ion plasma experiment for FAST // Space Science Reviews. 2001. Vol. 98. P. 33–66. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0332-2_2. 9. Davis T.N. Observed microstructure of auroral forms // Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity. 1978. Vol. 30. P. 371–380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.30.371. 10. Davis T.N. The application of image orthicon techniques to auroral observation // Space Science Reviews. 1966. Vol. 6. P. 222–247. 11. Ding G.-X., He F., Zhang X.X., Chen B. A new auroral boundary determination algorithm based on observations from TIMED/GUVI and DMSP/SSUSI // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2017. Vol. 122, Is. 2. P. 2161–2173. DOI: 10.1002/2016JA023295. 12. Eather R.H. Majestic Lights: The Aurora in Science, History, and the Arts. Washington, DC : American Geophysical Union, 1980. 329 p. 13. Elphic R., Bonnell J., Strangeway R., Carlson C., Temerin M., McFadden J., Ergun R., Peria W. FAST observations of upward accelerated electron beams and the downward field-aligned current region // Magnetospheric Current Systems / ed. by S.-I. Ohtani et al. Washington, D.C. : AGU, 2000. P. 181–188. (Geophysical Monograph Series vol. 118). 14. Fritz B.A., Lessard M.L., Blandin M.J., Fernandes P.A. Structure of black aurora associated with pulsating aurora // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2015. Vol. 120. P. 10096–10106. DOI: 10.1002/2015JA021397. 15. Gustavsson B., Kosch M.J., Senior A., Kavanagh A.J., Brändström B.U.E., Blixt E.M. Combined EISCAT radar and optical multispectral and tomographic observations of black aurora // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2008. Vol. 113, A06303. DOI: 10.1029/2007JA012999. 16. Haque N., Inan U.S., Bell T.F., Pickett J.S., Trotignon J.G., Facskó G. Cluster observations of whistler mode ducts and banded chorus // Geophysical Research Letters. 2011. Vol. 38, L18103. DOI: 10.1029/2011GL049112. 17. Hatfield M. NASA rockets to fly through flickering, vanishing auroras. Greenbelt, MD : NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, 2025. URL: https://www.nasa.gov/centers-and-facilities/goddard/nasa-rockets-to-fly-through-flickering-vanishing-auroras/ (дата обращения: 15.04.2025). 18. Johnson J.R., Chang T. Nonlinear vortex structures with diverging electric fields and their relation to the black aurora // Geophysical Research Letters. 1995. Vol. 22, Is. 12. P. 1481–1484. DOI: 10.1029/95GL01419. 19. Kármán T. Aerodynamics: Selected Topics in the Light of Their Historical Development. Ithaca : Cornell University Press, 1954. P. 68–69. 20. Keskinen M.J., Ganguli G. Simulation of dynamics and structure in the black aurora // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 1996. Vol. 101, A5. P. 10799–10804. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/96JA00251. 21. Kimball J., Hallinan T.J. Observations of black auroral patches and of their relationship to other types of aurora // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 1998a. Vol. 103, A7. P. 14671–14682. DOI: 10.1029/98JA00188. 22. Kimball J., Hallinan T.J. A morphological study of black vortex streets // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 1998b. Vol. 103, A7. P. 14683–14695. DOI: 10.1029/98JA00187. 23. Kosch M.J., Gustavsson B., Blixt E.M., Pedersen T., Senior A., Kavanagh A.J., Semeter J. EISCAT radar and optical studies of black aurora: a signature of magnetospheric turbulence? // International Conference on Substorms-8. 2006. P. 139–142. 24. Kosch M.J., Honary F., del Pozo C.F., Marple S.R., Hagfors T. High-resolution maps of the characteristic energy of precipitating auroral particles // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2001. Vol. 106, A12. P. 28925–28937. DOI: 10.1029/2001JA900107. 25. Marklund G., Blomberg L., Fälthammar C.-G., Lindqvist P.-A. On intense diverging electric fields associated with black aurora // Geophysical Research Letters. 1994. Vol. 21, Is. 17. P. 1859–1862. DOI: 10.1029/94GL00194. 26. Marklund G., Blomberg L., Fälthammar C.-G., Lindqvist P.-A., Eliasson L. On the occurrence and characteristics of intense low-altitude electric fields observed by Freja // Annales Geophysicae. 1995. Vol. 13. P. 704–712. DOI: 10.1007/s00585-995-0704-9. 27. Marklund G., Karlson T., Clemmons J. On low-altitude particle acceleration and intense electric fields and their relationship to black aurora // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 1997. Vol. 102, A8. P. 17509–17522. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/97JA00334. 28. Michell R., Samara M., Hampton D.L., Delamere P.A., Zesta E., McHarg M.G. The ground imaging to rocket investigation of auroral fast features (GIRAFF) sounding rocket mission : thesis, rep. SM031-0001 // AGU Fall Meeting. 2020. 29. Nazarchuck G.K. A drift of inhomogeneities in the aurora striated band // Plasma Instabilities Symp., XVI IUGG/IAGA General Assembly. Grenoble, France, 1975. 30. Nel A.E., Kosch M.J., Whiter D., Gustavsson B., Aslaksen T. A new auroral phenomenon, the anti-black aurora // Scientific Reports. 2021. Vol. 11, 3803. P. 1–10. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81363-9. 31. Obuchi Y., Demekhov A.G. et al. Simultaneous Reimei orbit image-particle observations in black-aurora : presentation. 2011. 111 p. 32. Obuchi Y., Sakanoi T., Asamura K., Yamazaki A., Kasaba Y., Hirahara M., Ebihara Y., Okano S. Fine‐scale dynamics of black auroras obtained from simultaneous imaging and particle observations with the Reimei satellite // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2011. Vol. 116, A00K07. DOI: 10.1029/2010JA016321. 33. Obuchi Y., Sakanoi T., Yamazaki A., Ino T., Okano S., Kasaba Y., Hirahara M., Kanai Y., Takeyama N. Initial observations of auroras by the multi-spectral auroral camera on board the Reimei satellite // Earth, Planets and Space. 2008. Vol. 60. P. 827–835. DOI: 10.1186/BF03352834. 34. Oguti T. Metamorphoses of aurora // Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Ser. A. 1975. No. 12. P. 1–101. 35. Oguti T. Rotational deformations and related drift motions of auroral arc // Journal of Geophysical Research. 1974. Vol. 79, Is. 25. P. 3861–3865. DOI: 10.1029/JA079i025p03861. 36. Oguti T. Similarity between global auroral deformations in DAPP photographs and small-scale deformations observed by a TV camera // Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 1975. Vol. 37. P. 1413–1418. 37. Ono T. Derivation of energy parameters of precipitating auroral electrons by using the intensity ratios of auroral emissions // Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity. 1993. Vol. 45. P. 455–472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.45.455. 38. Parsons N.R., Thomas I.L. Spatially forbidden regions in the aurora // Canadian Journal of Physics. 1973. Vol. 51. P. 1377–1378. 39. Peria W.J., Carlson C.W., Ergun R.E., McFadden J.P., Bonnell J., Elphic R.C., Strangeway R.J. Characteristics of field-aligned currents near the auroral acceleration region: FAST observations // Magnetospheric Current Systems / ed. by S.-I. Ohtani et al. Washington, D.C. : AGU, 2000. P. 181–188. (Geophysical Monograph Series vol. 118). 40. Peticolas L.M., Hallinan T.J., Stenbaek-Nielsen H.C., Bonnell J.W., Carlson C.W. A study of black aurora from aircraft-based optical observations and plasma measurements on FAST // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2002. Vol. 107, A8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JA900157. 41. Róyrvik O. Pulsating aurora: Local and global morphology : dissertation, doctor of Philosophy. University of Alaska, 1976. 133 p. 42. Sakaguchi K., Shiokawa K., Donovan E., Nakajima A., Hiraki Y., Trondsen T., Plaschke F. Periodic black auroral patches at the downside dipolarization front during a substorm // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2011. Vol. 116, A00I18. DOI: 10.1029/2010JA015957. 43. Sakanoi T., Miyoshi Y., Ebihara Y., Demekhov A.G. Reimei satellite by image and particle simultaneous observation data features of black aurora : presentation. The University of Tokyo, and Space Science symposium and SGEPSS Autumn Conference (Okinawa), 2010. 44. Sakanoi T., Obuchi Y., Ebihara Y., Miyoshy Y., Asamura K., Yamazaki A., Kasaba Y., Hirahara M., Nishiyama T., Okano S. Fine-scale characteristics of black aurora and its generation processes // Auroral phenomenology and magnetospheric processes: Earth and other planets / ed. by A. Keiling et al. Washington, D.C. : AGU, 2012. P. 271–278. (Geophysical Monograph Series vol. 197). 45. Samara M., Michell R.G., Asamura K., Hirahara M., Hampton D.L., Stenbaek-Nilsen H.C. Ground-based observations of diffuse auroral structures in conjunction with REIMEI measurements // Annales Geophysicae. 2010. Vol. 28. P. 873–881. 46. Stenbaek-Nielsen H.C., Hallinan T.J., Osborne D.L., Kimball J., Chaston C., McFadden J., Delory G., Temerin M., Carlson C.W. Aircraft observations conjugate to FAST: Auroral arc thicknesses // Geophysical Research Letters. 1998. Vol. 25, Is. 12. P. 2073–2076. 47. Taneda S. Experimental investigation of vortex streets // Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 1965. Vol. 20. P. 1714–1721. 48. Trondsen T.S., Cogger L.L. High-resolution television observations of black aurora // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 1997. Vol. 102, A1. P. 363–378. DOI: 10.1029/96JA03106. 49. Trondsen T.S., Cogger L.L. Observations of black aurora // Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Substorms (ICS-3). Versailles, France, 12–17 May 1996. ESA SP-389. 1996. P. 743. 50. Virtanen I.I., Gustavsson B., Aikio A., Kero A., Asamura K., Ogawa Y. Electron energy spectrum and auroral power estimation from incoherent scatter radar measurements // Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 2018. Vol. 123, Is. 9. P. 7951–7967. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025636. 51. Zhang Y., Paxton L.J. An empirical Kp-dependent global auroral model base on TIMED/GUVI FUV data // Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 2008. Vol. 70. P. 1231–1242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2008.03.008. 52. Zhang Y., Paxton L.J., Bilitza D. Determining auroral oval boundaries based on global FUV images and aurora model : presentation, 22 slides // CEDAR-GEM Mini Workshop. 2012. 53. Zhang Y., Paxton L.J., Bilitza D., Doe R. Near real-time assimilation in IRI of auroral peak E-region density and equatorward boundary // Advances in Space Research. 2010. Vol. 46, Is. 8. P. 1055–1063.

Ссылка на XML

An annotated atlas of examples of emission images in auroral structures recorded by imagers from the Earth's surface and spacecraft orbits.
Part 3. "Black" and "anti-black" aurora structures and their possible generation mechanisms
Number: 48 Year: 2025 Pages: 57-87

Authors:
Merzlyi Alexei Mikhailovich¹, e-mail: pinega142@yandex.ru
Krylova A.A.¹
Nikiforov Oleg Vyacheslavovich¹, e-mail: gelokin2201@gmail.com
Petrukovich Anatoly Alekseevich¹, e-mail: apetruko@iki.rssi.ru
Potanin Yuri Nikolaevich², e-mail: oom@cao-rhms.ru
Sadovsky Andrey Mikhailovich¹, e-mail: asadovsk@iki.rssi.ru
Yanakov Albert Triandofilovich¹, e-mail: alexandr.7@mail.ru

Institutions:
1 - IKI RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 - Central Administrative District of Roshydromet, Dolgoprudny, Russia

Abstract
Continuation of the series of works started in 2022 and 2023. Part 3 of the annotated atlas of examples of images of emission structures and plasma characteristics in the auroral oval and subauroral region obtained during specific events that occurred in different sectors of the MLT under different geomagnetic conditions has been compiled. The main motivation for creating the atlas was a further analysis of the experience in developing technology for preparing and conducting orbital and ground-based experiments aimed at creating mapping and diagnostic systems for diverse dynamic auroral phenomena in the polar ionosphere, reflected in the instantaneous field of Ne gradients in various altitude layers, which were the "culprits" of problems with the propagation of transpolar signals. Like Parts 1 and 2, this work mainly focuses on examples of the results of observations of auroral structures and emissions obtained using camera images from the Earth's surface and from spacecraft orbits with a polar angle of inclination of the orbital plane to the equator plane, as well as an overview of the processes occurring during these events in the relevant areas.in the regions of the polar ionosphere Some of the presented examples of emission images in specific events obtained from the earth's surface are accompanied by: medium-scale images of auroral oval and polar cap structures in specific MLT sectors obtained at a relatively close time to the observed events from the orbits of specific DMSP spacecraft in the case of auroral emissions in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) range using a space-scanning image the SSUSI spectrograph with accompanying measurements of the distributions of the characteristics of the fluxes of precipitating particles (SSJ5 electron analyzer)., magnetic field gradients, as well as the results of local observations of Ne gradients by incoherent backscattering radars in the corresponding sectors of the polar ionosphere at a time close to the observed events. In this paper, the main focus is on considering the characteristics and analyzing the features of both individual specific black-aurora structures and "duets" of structures with an intensity exceeding the diffuse background, called black-aurora and anti-black-aurora, which accompany each other in specific events, as well possible mechanisms of their generation.

Keywords: POLAR IONOSPHERE, AURORAL EMISSIONS, BLACK AND ANTI-BLACK AURORAL STRUCTURES, ELECTRON CONCENTRATION INHOMOGENEITIES, AURORAL IMAGERS, TERRESTRIAL AND ORBITAL DIAGNOSTICS, METHODOLOGY FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF CHARACTERISTICS OF POLAR IONOSPHERE

Information about sources of financing: -